276 papers
Cell biology is the study of life at its most fundamental unit: the cell. This field explores how these microscopic building blocks function, communicate, and replicate to sustain living organisms, from the simplest bacteria to complex human tissues. By understanding the machinery inside a cell, scientists unlock secrets about growth, disease, and the very nature of existence itself.
At Gist.Science, we track every new preprint uploaded to bioRxiv within this dynamic category. Our team processes each submission to provide both accessible plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, ensuring you can grasp complex discoveries without getting lost in dense jargon. Below are the latest papers in cell biology, offering a fresh look at the inner workings of life as they are shared with the world.
This study identifies the lncRNA IGS38 as a positive regulator of human rRNA transcription that enhances promoter accessibility and stabilizes UBF by recruiting RNA Pol I factors and the B-WICH complex, while also noting the distinct heterochromatin-associated role of IGS32as.
This study reveals that the small brown planthopper enhances its reproduction and insecticide tolerance by manipulating rice carbohydrate allocation to increase host-derived glucose, which subsequently activates the TOR-JH signaling axis to boost vitellogenin production and upregulate glutathione S-transferase expression.
This study introduces a real-time fluorescent biosensor to quantify chromosomal uracil excision activity in living cells and reveals that the mitochondrial UNG1 isoform unexpectedly contributes to nuclear base excision repair, highlighting the need to consider both UNG isoforms in inhibitor development.
This study reveals that a paralog-specific sterol-binding pocket in iRhom1, identified through cryo-EM, is essential for stabilizing the iRhom1/ADAM17 complex and regulating its shedding activity, distinguishing its mechanism from iRhom2 and linking mutations in this region to cardiac disease.
This study demonstrates that nuclear pore complex components, specifically Nup133, Nup107, and Nup358, are essential for establishing the head-tail coupling apparatus in spermatids by recruiting dynein/dynactin to the nuclear envelope to facilitate the initial attachment of the nucleus and centriole.
This study utilizes phosphoproteomics to identify DYRK1B as a novel kinase regulator of processing body dynamics, demonstrating that it phosphorylates specific components like DCP1A and 4E-T to control the abundance and assembly of these mRNA granules.
This study demonstrates that the class I myosins Myo1e and Myo1f are essential for coordinating the spatiotemporal transition from protrusive podosomes to a contractile phagocytic ring, thereby ensuring efficient cup closure and preventing stalled engulfment or excessive trogocytosis during Fc-receptor-mediated phagocytosis in macrophages.
This paper introduces POCA, a unified, non-genetic photosensitizer platform that leverages standard immunofluorescence and in situ hybridization workflows to enable spatially resolved proximity labeling of proximal proteomes for diverse protein, RNA, and DNA targets within fixed cells.
This study demonstrates that the hydrolase activity of ABHD2 is not required for progesterone-induced CatSper-mediated calcium influx or hyperactivated motility in human sperm, challenging the previously proposed mechanism of progesterone action.
This study reveals that the centriculum, an ER-derived membrane reticulum surrounding *C. elegans* centrosomes, functions as a dynamic microtubule filter that regulates microtubule extension and stability through physical collisions, thereby influencing centrosome architecture and soluble tubulin concentration.